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Health Informatics Glossary
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i2b2 -
Informatics for Integrating Biology & the
Bedside. See
CDR
ICD -
The International
Classification of Diseases, published by the
World Health Organization, provides codes to
classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings,
complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ICD
codes are widely used in electronic health data. The current release is ICD-10,
the USA still uses ICD-9, and the planned release date for ICD-11 is 2017.
ICD-11 will fully harmonize ICD and SNOMED CT. See
CPT,
SNOMED,
WHO
Icon -
See
Computer Icon,
GUI,
PARC
ICT -
Information and Communication Technology. See
ITU
ICU -
Intensive Care Unit. See
eICU,
NICU
IDN -
Integrated Delivery Network.
IEEE -
[ EYE - triple - ee ] The
Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, is an international non-profit, professional organization for
the advancement of technology related to electricity. It has 360,000 members
in 175 countries. IEEE develops technology
standards for a
wide range of industries, including: power and energy, biomedical and
healthcare, information technology, telecommunications, transportation,
nanotechnology, and more. Two notable IEEE standards are the 802.3 Ethernet
standard and the 802.11 Wireless Networking standard. See
Ethernet,
SDO,
Wi-Fi
IEPD -
Information
Exchange Package Documentation See
NIEM
Top of Page
IETF -
The mission of the Internet Engineering Task
Force is to make the Internet work better by producing high quality,
relevant technical documents that influence the way people design, use, and
manage the Internet. See
RFC
IFR -
Interim Final Rule. See
NPRM
IHE -
Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise is
an initiative to develop a framework for passing health information seamlessly,
from application to application, system to system, and setting to setting
across the entire healthcare enterprise. See
ATNA,
BPPC,
CONNECT,
CSD,
CT,
Facility Registry,
HWR,
HIMSS,
HPD,
NHIN Direct,
PDQ,
PIX,
RFD,
XDM,
XDR,
XDS
IHI -
The Institute for Healthcare Improvement,
an independent not-for-profit organization based in Cambridge, Massachusetts,
is a leading innovator in health and health care improvement worldwide.
See
Kaizen,
P4P,
QI,
Triple Aim
IHS -
Indian Health Service is a federal
agency chartered to improve the mental, physical, social, and
spiritual health of approximately 1.8 million American Indians and
Alaska Natives who are members of federally recognized Tribes and
Villages. The IHS operates 33 hospitals, 59 health centers, 50
health stations, and 34 urban health projects. The IHS is a major
operating division of HHS.
See
HHS,
RPMS
IHTSDO -
International Health Technology Standards
Development Organization. See
SNOMED
Top of Page
IIHI -
Individually Identifiable Health Information. See
PHI,
PII
IIS -
Immunization Information System, a population-based computerized
information system that gathers and stores patient vaccination data
within a geographic area, providing vaccine inventory management,
forecasting, reminders/recalls and reports.
ILI -
Influenza-like illness See
Distribute
ILInet -
3,000 health care providers in all 50 states reporting specific data elements
on ILI once a week. See
CDC
IM -
Instant Messaging. See
TXT,
XMPP
IMIA -
International Medical Informatics
Association. See
AMIA,
MedInfo
Imperative -
A term defined by RFC
2119. See
May,
Must,
Required,
Recommended,
RFC,
Shall,
Should
Indian Health Service
See
IHS
Inference Engine -
A computer program designed to seek answers from a knowledge base.
See
Business Rules Engine,
Expert System,
Knowledge Base
Top of Page
InfoLinks -
A former PHIN Community of Practice (COP) focused on the intersection of
Public Health reporting and health information exchange. InfoLinks was an
outgrowth of the 2005 RWJF Information Links study, which engaged a cohort
of two dozen local health departments on the same topic. See
COP,
PHIN,
RWJF
Informatics -
The practical study of the structure, creation, management, storage, retrieval,
dissemination and transfer of information in natural and engineered
computational environments. See
AMIA,
Computer Science,
GIGO,
IMIA,
MedInfo,
Nursing Informatics,
PII,
SHARPn
Information Links
See
InfoLinks
Infostealer -
Generic name for a type of malware such as a keylogger. See
Adware,
Keylogging,
Malware
Inpatient -
A patient receiving care while admitted to a hospital for an indeterminate
time, staying overnight for one or more evenings. See
Acute Care,
Patient,
Outpatient
Instructions -
Messages or signals that, upon receipt by a device, result in the performance
of a specific act or series of acts. See
Message,
Signal
Intellectual Property -
In law, Intellectual Property (IP) refers to types of legal monopolies over
commercial and artistic creations of the mind. Intellectual property owners
are granted specific exclusive rights to the ideas. Common intellectual
property types are copyrights, trademarks and patents.
See
cc,
Copyleft,
Copyright,
DRM,
Open Source,
Patent
Top of Page
Interface -
[1] In computer science an interface is a hardware or
software tool to enable input or output communication between one system and
another, typically via a standard protocol. [2] In health
information exchange most clinical data interfaces are software scripts built
with standard communication protocols. For example Redwood MedNet uses the open
source Mirth
Connect interface engine, which uses JavaScript to choreograph the handling
of clinical messages received from a sending software system or sent to a
receiving software system.
See
Computer Science,
Informatics,
Interface Engine,
ISO,
JavaScript,
Open Source,
Protocol,
Standard,
W3C
Interface Engine -
A software application built to manage development, deployment, and operations
of interfaces, especially in the health care domain. See
Interface
Internet -
The global system of interconnected computer networks using TCP/IP to connect
billions of users worldwide. See
DNS,
IETF,
OSI Model,
SMTP,
TCP/IP,
W3C,
WWW
Internet Protocol -
The Internet Protocol (IP), defined in
RFC 791, is the Internet layer
in TCP/IP, the protocol stack that enables data packets to be routed on the
Internet. See
IP,
Protocol,
RFC,
TCP/IP
IOM -
The Institute of Medicine, an operating
division of the National
Academies, convenes subject matter experts to serve on volunteer
committees to provide the nation with authoritative, objective, and
scientifically balanced answers to difficult questions of national importance.
IP
See
[1] Intellectual Property;
[2] Internet Protocol
IPA -
Independent Practice Association.
Top of Page
IPHI -
The UC Davis Institute for
Population Health Improvement seeks to create, apply and disseminate
knowledge about the many determinates of health in order to improve health
and health security and to support activities which improve health equity
and eliminate health disparities. See
CHeQ,
UCDHS
IPPE -
Initial Preventive Physical Examination, a reimbursable patient encounter
defined by CMS. See
CMS,
PPPS
IPsec -
Internet Protocol Security, defined by
RFC 4301.
See
IETF,
RFC,
VPN
IRB -
Institutional Review Board, a committee to monitor research involving humans.
Also known as an Independent Ethics Committee.
ISDS -
The International Society for Disease
Surveillance (ISDS) is dedicated to the improvement of population health
by advancing the field of disease surveillance. The Society convenes an
annual conference on surveillance methods and applications, maintains the
syndromic.org website, hosts several volunteer committees, and directs the
Distribute surveillance project. See
Biosurveillance,
CDC,
CDPH,
Distribute,
WHO
ISO -
[ EYE - so ] The International
Organization for Standardization is a network of the national standards
institutes of 157 countries, with a central office in Geneva, Switzerland. ISO
coordinates the system and publishes the finished standards. ISO is a
non-government organization. The American member of ISO is the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI). See
ANSI,
DICOM,
DSTU,
OSI Model,
SDO,
W3C,
X.500
ISP -
Internet Service Provider.
IT -
Information Technology. See
HIT
ITU -
Information Technology Union, based in Geneva, Switzerland, is the United
Nations specialized agency for information and communication technologies (ICT).
ITU allocates global radio spectrum and satellite orbits, develops technical
standards to ensure networks and technologies seamlessly interconnect, and
strives to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide.
See
ICT,
OSI Model
IXC -
Interexchange Carrier, the network engineering term for a long distance
telephone company that provisions inter-LATA communication services.
See
Carrier,
LATA,
LEC
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